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Q1. Attackers send an ACK probe packet with random sequence number, no response means port is filtered (Stateful firewall is present) and RST response means the port is not filtered. What type of Port Scanning is this?
A. RST flag scanning
B. FIN flag scanning
C. SYN flag scanning
D. ACK flag scanning
Answer: D
Q2. Because UDP is a connectionless protocol: (Select 2)
A. UDP recvfrom() and write() scanning will yield reliable results
B. It can only be used for Connect scans
C. It can only be used for SYN scans
D. There is no guarantee that the UDP packets will arrive at their destination
E. ICMP port unreachable messages may not be returned successfully
Answer: DE
Explanation: Neither UDP packets, nor the ICMP errors are guaranteed to arrive, so UDP scanners must also implement retransmission of packets that appear to be lost (or you will get a bunch of false positives).
Q3. You are trying to package a RAT Trojan so that Anti-Virus software will not detect it. Which of the listed technique will NOT be effective in evading Anti-Virus scanner?
A. Convert the Trojan.exe file extension to Trojan.txt disguising as text file
B. Break the Trojan into multiple smaller files and zip the individual pieces
C. Change the content of the Trojan using hex editor and modify the checksum
D. Encrypt the Trojan using multiple hashing algorithms like MD5 and SHA-1
Answer: A
Q4. Which of the following attacks takes best advantage of an existing authenticated connection
A. Spoofing
B. Session Hijacking
C. Password Sniffing
D. Password Guessing
Answer: B
Explanation: Session hijacking is the act of taking control of a user session after successfully obtaining or generating an authentication session ID. Session hijacking involves an attacker using captured, brute forced or reverse-engineered session IDs to seize control of a legitimate user's Web application session while that session is still in progress.
Q5. Neil monitors his firewall rules and log files closely on a regular basis. Some of the users have complained to Neil that there are a few employees who are visiting offensive web sites during work hours, without consideration for others. Neil knows that he has an updated content filtering system and that such access should not be authorized.
What type of technique might be used by these offenders to access the Internet without restriction?
A. They are using UDP which is always authorized at the firewall.
B. They are using tunneling software which allows them to communicate with protocols in a way it was not intended.
C. They have been able to compromise the firewall, modify the rules, and give themselves proper access.
D. They are using an older version of Internet Explorer that allows them to bypass the proxy server.
Answer: B
Explanation: This can be accomplished by, for example, tunneling the http traffic over SSH if you have a SSH server answering to your connection, you enable dynamic forwarding in the ssh client and configure Internet Explorer to use a SOCKS Proxy for network traffic.
Q6. You have successfully gained access to a victim's computer using Windows 2003 Server SMB Vulnerability. Which command will you run to disable auditing from the cmd?
A. stoplog stoplog ?
B. EnterPol /nolog
C. EventViewer o service
D. auditpol.exe /disable
Answer: D
Q7. An Attacker creates a zuckerjournals.com website by copying and mirroring HACKERJOURNALS.COM site to spread the news that Hollywood actor Jason Jenkins died in a car accident. The attacker then submits his fake site for indexing in major search engines. When users search for "Jason Jenkins", attacker's fake site shows up and dupes victims by the fake news.
This is another great example that some people do not know what URL's are. Real website: Fake website: http://www.zuckerjournals.com
The website is clearly not WWW.HACKERJOURNALS.COM. It is obvious for many, but unfortunately some people still do not know what an URL is. It's the address that you enter into the address bar at the top your browser and this is clearly not legit site, its www.zuckerjournals.com
How would you verify if a website is authentic or not?
A. Visit the site using secure HTTPS protocol and check the SSL certificate for authenticity
B. Navigate to the site by visiting various blogs and forums for authentic links
C. Enable Cache on your browser and lookout for error message warning on the screen
D. Visit the site by clicking on a link from Google search engine
Answer: D
Q8. In which location, SAM hash passwords are stored in Windows 7?
A. c:\windows\system32\config\SAM
B. c:\winnt\system32\machine\SAM
C. c:\windows\etc\drivers\SAM
D. c:\windows\config\etc\SAM
Answer: A
Q9. SNMP is a protocol used to query hosts, servers and devices about performance or health status data. Hackers have used this protocol for a long time to gather great amount of information about remote hosts. Which of the following features makes this possible?
A. It is susceptible to sniffing
B. It uses TCP as the underlying protocol
C. It is used by ALL devices on the market
D. It uses a community string sent as clear text
Answer: AD
Explanation: SNMP uses UDP, not TCP, and even though many devices uses SNMP not ALL devices use it and it can be disabled on most of the devices that does use it. However SNMP is susceptible to sniffing and the community string (which can be said acts as a password) is sent in clear text.
Q10. War dialing is one of the oldest methods of gaining unauthorized access to the target systems, it is one of the dangers most commonly forgotten by network engineers and system administrators. A hacker can sneak past all the expensive firewalls and IDS and connect easily into the network. Through wardialing an attacker searches for the devices located in the target network infrastructure that are also accessible through the telephone line.
‘Dial backup’ in routers is most frequently found in networks where redundancy is required. Dial-on-demand routing(DDR) is commonly used to establish connectivity as a backup.
As a security testers, how would you discover what telephone numbers to dial-in to the router?
A. Search the Internet for leakage for target company’s telephone number to dial-in
B. Run a war-dialing tool with range of phone numbers and look for CONNECT Response
C. Connect using ISP’s remote-dial in number since the company’s router has a leased line connection established with them
D. Brute force the company’s PABX system to retrieve the range of telephone numbers to dial-in
Answer: B
Explanation: Use a program like Toneloc to scan the company’s range of phone numbers.
Q11. Which type of Nmap scan is the most reliable, but also the most visible, and likely to be picked up by and IDS?
A. SYN scan
B. ACK scan
C. RST scan
D. Connect scan
E. FIN scan
Answer: D
Explanation: The TCP full connect (-sT) scan is the most reliable.
Q12. Jim’s Organization just completed a major Linux roll out and now all of the organization’s systems are running Linux 2.5 Kernel. The roll out expenses has posed constraints on purchasing other essential security equipment and software. The organization requires an option to control network traffic and also perform stateful inspection of traffic going into and out of the DMZ, which built-in functionality of Linux can achieve this?
A. IP ICMP
B. IP Sniffer
C. IP tables
D. IP Chains
Answer: C
Explanation: iptables is the name of the user space tool by which administrators create rules for the packet filtering and NAT modules. While technically iptables is merely the tool which controls the packet filtering and NAT components within the kernel, the name iptables is often used to refer to the entire infrastructure, including netfilter, connection tracking and NAT, as well as the tool itself. iptables is a standard part of all modern Linux distributions.
Q13. Steven the hacker realizes that the network administrator of company is using syskey to protect organization resources in the Windows 2000 Server. Syskey independently encrypts the hashes so that physical access to the server, tapes, or ERDs is only first step to cracking the passwords. Steven must break through the encryption used by syskey before he can attempt to brute force dictionary attacks on the hashes. Steven runs a program called “SysCracker” targeting the Windows 2000 Server machine in attempting to crack the hash used by Syskey. He needs to configure the encryption level before he can launch attach.
How many bits does Syskey use for encryption?
A. 40 bit
B. 64 bit
C. 256 bit
D. 128 bit
Answer: D
Explanation: SYSKEY is a utility that encrypts the hashed password information in a SAM database using a 128-bit encryption key.
Q14. Ron has configured his network to provide strong perimeter security. As part of his network architecture, he has included a host that is fully exposed to attack. The system is on the public side of the demilitarized zone, unprotected by a firewall or filtering router. What would you call such a host?
A. Honeypot
B. DMZ host
C. DWZ host
D. Bastion Host
Answer: D
Explanation: A bastion host is a gateway between an inside network and an outside network. Used as a security measure, the bastion host is designed to defend against attacks aimed at the inside network. Depending on a network's complexity and configuration, a single bastion host may stand guard by itself, or be part of a larger security system with different layers of protection.
Q15. What is the proper response for a X-MAS scan if the port is open?
A. SYN
B. ACK
C. FIN
D. PSH
E. RST
F. No response
Answer: F
Explanation: Closed ports respond to a X-MAS scan by ignoring the packet.