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Q1. Which two values comprise the VPN ID for an MPLS VPN? (Choose two.)
A. an OUI
B. a VPN index
C. a route distinguisher
D. a 16-bit AS number
E. a 32-bit IP address
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Each MPLS VPN ID defined by RFC 2685 consists of the following elements:
. An Organizational Unique Identifier (OUI), a three-octet hex number: The IEEE Registration Authority assigns OUIs to any company that manufactures
components under the ISO/IEC 8802 standard. The OUI is used to generate universal LAN MAC addresses and protocol identifiers for use in local and metropolitan area network applications. For example, an OUI for Cisco Systems is 00-03-6B (hex).
. A Virtual Private Network (VPN) index: a four-octet hex number, which identifies the VPN within the company.
Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/mp_l3_vpns/configuration/15-mt/mp-l3-vpns-15-mt-book/mp-assgn-id-vpn.html
Q2. Refer to the exhibit.
With these configurations for R1 and R2, which statement about PPP authentication is true?
A. Authentication fails because R1 is missing a username and password.
B. R2 responds with the correct authentication credentials.
C. R2 requires authentication from R1.
D. R1 requires authentication from R2.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Only R2 is configured with the “PPP authentication PAP” command so it requires authentication from R1, but R1 does not require authentication from R2.
Q3. Which statement describes the difference between a stub area and a totally stub area?
A. The ABR advertises a default route to a totally stub area and not to a stub area.
B. Stub areas do not allow LSA types 4 and 5, while totally stub areas do not allow LSA types 3, 4, and 5.
C. Totally stub areas allow limited external routes in the area via a special type 7 LSA, while stub areas do not.
D. Stub areas do not allow external LSAs, ASBR summary LSAs, or summary LSAs with the exception of a default route originated by the ABR via a summary LSA.
Answer: B
Explanation:
. Standard areas can contain LSAs of type 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, and may contain an ASBR. The backbone is considered a standard area.
. Stub areas can contain type 1, 2, and 3 LSAs. A default route is substituted for external routes.
. Totally stubby areas can only contain type 1 and 2 LSAs, and a single type 3 LSA. The type 3 LSA describes a default route, substituted for all external and inter-area routes.
. Not-so-stubby areas implement stub or totally stubby functionality yet contain an ASBR. Type 7 LSAs generated by the ASBR are converted to type 5 by ABRs to be flooded to the rest of the OSPF domain.
Reference: http://packetlife.net/blog/2008/jun/24/ospf-area-types/
Q4. DRAG DROP
Drag and drop the protocol on the left to the corresponding administrative distance on the right.
Answer:
Q5. Refer to the exhibit.
Why is network 172.16.1.0/24 not installed in the routing table?
A. There is no ARP entry for 192.168.1.1.
B. The router cannot ping 192.168.1.1.
C. The neighbor 192.168.1.1 just timed out and BGP will flush this prefix the next time that the BGP scanner runs.
D. There is no route for 192.168.1.1 in the routing table.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Here we see that the next hop IP address to reach the 172.16.1.0 network advertised by the BGP peer is 192.168.1.1. However, the 192.168.1.1 IP is not in the routing table of R3 so it adds the route to the BGP table but marks it as inaccessible, as shown.
Q6. Which statement about SSHv2 is true?
A. Routers acting as SSH clients can operate without RSA keys.
B. SSHv2 supports port forwarding and compression.
C. The RSA key pair size must be at least 512.
D. You must configure a default gateway before you enable SSHv2.
Answer: A
Q7. Which command do you use to connect a dense-mode domain to a sparse-mode multicast domain?
A. none, because there is no such command
B. ip pim spt-threshold infinity
C. ip pim register dense-mode
D. ip pim dense-mode proxy-register
Answer: D
Explanation:
For IP PIM multicast, Cisco recommends Sparse-Mode over Dense-Mode. In the midst of our network migration, we have a new network operating in Sparse-Mode with Anycast rendezvous point (RP) but our existing network is still operating in Dense-Mode. To bridge two different modes across both PIM domains, we should use the ip pim dense-mode proxy-register command on the interface leading toward the bordering dense mode region. This configuration will enable the border router to register traffic from the dense mode region (which has no concept of registration) with the RP in the sparse mode domain.
Reference: http://networkerslog.blogspot.com/2010/12/bridging-dense-mode-pim-to-sparse-mode.html
Q8. Which two operating modes does VPLS support? (Choose two.)
A. transport mode
B. strict mode
C. port mode
D. loose mode
E. VLAN mode
F. dynamic mode
Answer: C,E
Q9. Which two solutions can reduce UDP latency? (Choose two.)
A. fast retransmission
B. fast recovery
C. fast start
D. low-latency queuing
E. IP service level agreements
F. congestion-avoidance algorithm
Answer: D,E
Explanation:
IP SLA uses active traffic monitoring, which generates traffic in a continuous, reliable, and predictable manner to measure network performance. IP SLA sends data across the network to measure performance between multiple network locations or across multiple network paths. It simulates network data and IP services, and collects network performance information in real time. This information is collected:
Response times
One-way latency, jitter (interpacket delay variance)
Packet loss
Network resource availability
LLQ uses the priority command. The priority command allows you to set up classes based on a variety of criteria (not just User Datagram Ports (UDP) ports) and assign priority to them, and is available for use on serial interfaces and ATM permanent virtual circuits (PVCs). A similar command, the ip rtp priority command, allows you to stipulate priority flows based only on UDP port numbers. Note: All the other answer choices can be used to improve TCP performance, but not UDP.
References: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/routers/xr12000/software/xr12k_r4-2/system_monitoring/configuration/guide/b_sysmon_cg42xr12k/b_sysmon_cg42xr12k_chapter_011.html http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios/12_0s/feature/guide/fsllq26.html
Q10. Which statement describes the effect of the configuration line redistribute maximum-prefix 1500 90 withdraw?
A. After the 1500th route is redistributed, a warning is posted in the log file and 90 more routes are redistributed before further routes are discarded.
B. After the 1350th route is redistributed, a warning is posted in the log file until the 1500th route is redistributed, and then further routes are discarded.
C. After the 1500th route is redistributed, further routes are discarded only if the CPU is above 90%.
D. The routing protocol receives 1500 routes. After the routing process has redistributed 90% of the routes, the process supernets routes and injects a NULL route to prevent black-hole routing.
Answer: B
Q11. Which three message types are used for prefix delegation in DHCPv6? (Choose three.)
A. DHCP Discover
B. Renew
C. Solicit
D. DHCP Offer
E. Advertise
F. DHCP Ack
Answer: B,C,E
Explanation:
DHCPv6 Message Types
For a client to get an IPv6 address successfully from a DHCPv6 server, the Client-Server Conversation happens using the following messages.
Client--->Server Messages
Server--->Client Messages
Solicit, Request, Confirm, Renew, Rebind, Release, Decline, Information-Request Advertise, Reply, Reconfigure
Lets look at each message types in detail:
SOLICIT
This is the first step in DHCPv6, where a DHCPv6 client sends a Solicit message to locate DHCPv6 servers.
ADVERTISE
Upon receiving a Solicit Message from the client, the DHCPv6 server sends an Advertise message to indicate that it is available for DHCP service, in response to a Solicit message received from a client.
REQUEST
This message is sent by the DHCPv6 client.Client sends a Request message to request configuration parameters which includes IP addresses or delegated prefixes, from a specific server.
CONFIRM
Confirm message is sent by the client to any available server in the network to confirm that the client is still on the same link or it has to be removed. This message also confirms the IPv6 addresses that are assigned to the link are still valid. This could happen in case when a client detects a change in link-layer connectivity or if the device is powered on and it is found that one or more leases are still valid. Note that only the prefix portion of the addresses are validated and not the actual leases.
RENEW
A client sends a Renew message to the server when it wants to extend the lifetimes on the addresses and other configuration parameters assigned to the client and also to update other configuration parameters.
REBIND
In case of No response from the DHCPv6 Server for the Renew message, the client sends a Rebind message to any available server to extend the lifetimes on the address and to update other configuration parameters.
REPLY
A Reply message is sent by the DHCPv6 Server in response to a Solicit, Request, Renew, Rebind message received from a client. The reply message is sent by the server in response to a confirm message (either confirming or denying) that the addresses assigned to the client are appropriate.In short the server acknowledge receipt of a Release or Decline message by sending a REPLY message.
RELEASE
Release message as the name implies, is sent by the client to the server that has assigned the addresses, to indicate that the client will no longer use the assigned addresses (one or more).
DECLINE
Client sends a Decline message to the DHCPv6 server to tell that the one or more addresses assigned by the server is already in use
RECONFIGURE
The Reconfigure Message is sent by the DHCPv6 server to the client when the server has new or updated information of configuration parameters. It tells the client to initiate a information-request/reply message to the server so as to receive the updated information.
INFORMATION-REQUEST
Information-Request message is sent by the client to the server to update the configuration parameters
Reference: https://supportforums.cisco.com/blog/153426/implementing-dhcpv6-introduction
Q12. Refer to the exhibit.
Which three statements about this configuration are true? (Choose three.)
A. The default route appears in the global routing table.
B. The static route appears in the VRF red routing table.
C. The subnet 192.168.1.0 is unique to the VRF red routing table.
D. The static route is added to the global routing table and leaked from the VRF red.
E. The subnet 192.168.1.0 is unique to the global routing table.
F. 192.168.1.1 is reachable using any of the addresses on the router where the static route is configured.
Answer: A,B,E
Explanation:
This is an example of the route leaking feature. Here, this static route is created for the red VRF so it will be installed into the red VRF routing table, but the use of the global keyword will cause this default route to appear in the global routing table.
Q13. Which two statements about UDP and latency are true? (Choose two.)
A. UDP is connection oriented, so the size of a UDP stream is independent of latency.
B. UDP is connection oriented, so latency can increase the size of a UDP stream.
C. UDP is connectionless, so latency can increase the size of a UDP stream.
D. If latency decreases, throughput also decreases.
E. If latency increases, throughput also increases.
F. Latency can cause jitter on UDP connections.
Answer: C,F
Q14. DRAG DROP
Drag and drop the BGP state on the left to the action that defines it on the right.
Answer:
Q15. Which two routing protocols are not directly supported by Cisco PfR route control, and rely on the Cisco PfR subfeature PIRO? (Choose two.)
A. BGP
B. EIGRP
C. Static routing
D. OSPF
E. IS-IS
Answer: D,E
Explanation:
Protocol Independent Route Optimization (PIRO) introduced the ability of Performance Routing (PfR) to search for a parent route—an exact matching route, or a less specific route—in the IP Routing Information Base (RIB), allowing PfR to be deployed in any IP-routed environment including Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs) such as OSPF and IS-IS.
Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios/pfr/configuration/guide/15_1/pfr_15_1_book/pfr-piro.html